Syallabus

no@spam.com (Mani) — Tue, 12 Dec 2006 20:54:11 GMT

Statement of Marks

Paper No Name of the Subject
Semester I
1.1 High-level Computer Language and Operating System
1.2 Engineering Mathematics
1.3 Network Analysis and Synthesis
1.4 Advanced Analog and Digital Circuit Design
1.5 Practical I: High-level Computer Language
1.6 Practical II: Electronic Circuits
1.7 Practical III: Microprocessors
1.8 Practical IV: Computational Techniques
Semester II
2.1 Electromagnetics, Antenna and Propagation
2.2 Semiconductor Devices and Materials
2.3 Microprocessors
2.4 Signal System and Control
2.5 Practical I: Electromagnetics
2.6 Practical II: Materials and Semiconductor Devices
2.7 Practical III: Circuit Design and Simulation
2.8 Practical IV: Electrical Machines and Control Systems
Semester III
3.1 Optical Electronics
3.2 Integrated Circuit Technology
3.3 Digital Signal Processing
3.4 Communication Systems
3.5 Practical I : Optical Electronics
3.6 Practical II: Science and Technology of Semiconductor Devices
3.7 Practical III: Digital Signal Processing
3.8 Practical IV: Communication Systems
Semester IV
4.1 Quantum Electronics
4.2 VLSI Circuit Design and Device Modeling
4.3 Modern Communication Systems
4.4 Microwave Electronics

GPA is not awarded by Delhi University

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Agra

no@spam.com (Mani) — Tue, 12 Dec 2006 20:46:19 GMT

Inside Agra: Culture

Agra rests grandly and statuesquely in the state of Uttar Pradesh, which is located in the northern region of India. It is below the Himalayas and part of the great northern plains. The city lies on the west bank of River Yamuna. The most prominent reason why people come from all over India and all over the world is to see the grand Taj Mahal, one of the 8 wonders of the world and an immortal tribute to love. The stature of Taj, set amongst a calm garden, is awe-inspiring. As Agra was the seat of the great Mughal rulers for many years, there remain other vestiges of its powerful history, with historical monuments in and around the city dating back to the 16th and 17th century. Emperor Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri, the beautiful city of red sandstone, near Agra. The city itself Agra is also known for its handicraft products.
Sadly, however, the city�s infrastructure has been left to ruin by an ill-managed and heavily corrupted government. There is unclean water and inadequate sanitation throughout the city. Often times during the day, it is difficult to see through plumes of pollution over the horizon. The city itself is vastly overpopulated, filled with fetid alleyways, serpentine bazaars and deteriorating dwellings. Since it is such a touristed place, it has also become victim of tourism scams, as there are many merchants and tour guides who try to rip tourists off. In addition, everywhere one goes one will encounter a sea of beggars, impoverished and disabled. While this is the sad reality of the city, once one accepts this fact and looks to see past these physical barriers and impediments, one will see a city full of gems and architectural masterpieces. It can not be forgotten.
Inside Agra: History

Agra has a rich historical background, which is amply evident from the numerous historical monuments in and around the city. Though the heritage of Agra city is linked with the Mughal dynasty, there are also other prominent rulers also who added to the prosperous past of this city.
In the great epic 'Mahabharat' the region of Agra is described as 'Agraban' (an integral part of the Brij Bhumi or the land of Lord Krishna). The latter part of Indian history outlines the origins of Agra to 1475 A.D., during the reign of Raja Badal Singh. In the 16 th centry, Sikandar Lodhi, an Afghan King, the Delhi Sultanate of the Lodhi Dynasty Agra founded Agra as his capital. Then in 1526 A.D., the creator of the Mughal dynasty, Emporer Babur, also lived for sometime in Agra. Through Babur, Agra changed as he brought in the best quality craftsmen, artists, statesmen and warriors. It is to him the city attributes its square Persian-styled gardens. This began the city�s godeln age. Over the next few hundred years, Agra was filled with luxury and spectacle due to three great Mughal emporers, Emperor Akbar, Jehangir and ShahJahn. Their love for riches made Agra a glorous outpost of art, commerce and education. Emperor Akbar built the Agra fort and Jahangir beautified it with palaces and gardens. Shahjahan, the fifth Mughal emperor, marked the height of Mughal architecture, when he built the Taj Mahal in the 17 th century. He built the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife, who passed away in 1631.
Inside Agra: Getting Around

There is a diversity of modes of transport to get around Agra. For instance, one can hop in the various taxis located in the city centre to any part of the city. However, one can also try to hitch a tempo, an auto-rickshaw and cycle rickshaw. The rickshaws are also a thrilling experience and sometimes the guides are very friendly and offer insight while operating. Regardless one should take heed that there are little if any safety requirements for any of these vehicles so one should pick vehicles that look to be in suitable condition. From the railway station, one will find prepaid taxis and autos from the railway station available. Since there are numerous day trips outside of the city, prepaid transport is also available for excursions in and around the city confines. For more adventurous souls, bicycles can be hired by the hour from different parts of the city. This can be convenient since no diesel or petrol vehicles are able to enter the Taj area. There are Battery-Operated buses, horse-driven tongas, rickshaws, and other pollution- free vehicles are allowed inside the Taj area which conserve the beauty of the world-renown monument. Especially since traffic can be hectic, it is not recommended to drive in cars around the city.
I would like to recommend the pre-paid taxi service from the railway station. You must insist on the approved Police rate which is around 1500 rps for the day which includes an AC car with a guide. They have planned routes which are pretty sensible such as taking you to the Taj first thing to avoid the heat. However, they will also take you to "factories or craft shops" for marble and carpets. They are ok to see there's pressure to buy since the shop will give you a free demonstration and cold drink etc. If you don't want to go just insist from the outset and they will be fine. I've tended to tip them an extra 300rps to offset the income they get from taking tourist to these places.

Inside Agra: Day Trips

Read traveler reviews on all Agra Attractions

Fatehpur Sikri - About 30 km from the city of Agra, this place is a small city of red sand stone and marble built during the Mughal Era. Having world famous structures like the Buland Darwaza and Salim Chisti Dargah, its a must visit for anyone visiting Agra.
Vrindavan (Mathura) - About 50 km from the city of Agra, this is the birth place for Lord Krishna. Old temples, shrines and peaceful environs on the banks of River Yamuna. This place attracts a lot of tourists looking for spiritual breaks from the mundane life. The temples here (like the Iskon and Raja Rani) are worth a visit.
Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary - About 45 km from Agra located at Rajhasthan Border, this bird sanctary is home for a lot of birds and animals. Check with your hotels for day tours for this place.
Owing to a rich cultural heritage, there are a lot of sites in and around Agra.
Inside Agra: Events & Festivals

Read traveler reviews on all Agra Attractions

Throughout the year, there are plenty of events and festivals held in Agra and the cities that surround it. Many of these events are unlike anything most westerners have ever experienced.
The first major festival held every year is Pongal, which lasts four days from January 13th to the 16th. This, unlike many other Indian festivals never changes its date, because it is based on the solar calendar (western calendar). Pongal is celebrated more extensively in smaller villages, with cities like Agra mainly focusing on the second day.
The Taj Mahotsav is a ten-day festival that is held every February in the city of Shilpgram. Throughout this time, festivalgoers are treated to dance performances, cultural music, displays of art, and many other colourful exhibits and activities. This event is focused towards the family crowd.
Holi (or The Festival of Colours) is held throughout India in the month of March. Barasna is the closest town to Agra that celebrates this festival intensely. Many colourful rituals are performed during this time such as women trying to hit men over the heads with long bamboo sticks. The men obviously try to defend themselves.
For more information about the various annual festivals held in Agra and its neighbouring cities, check out this Agra Festivals link. For information about events held throughout all of India, check out this National Events Calendar . Inside Agra: Museums & Attractions

Read traveler reviews on all Agra Attractions

There are many cultural attractions in and around Agra, which include the Taj Mahal (one of the Seven Wonders of the World), the Agra Fort, the Chini Ka Rauza (a famous tomb), and much more.
The Taj Mahal is not only one of the Seven Wonders of the World, but also a World Heritage Site. As ordered by Muslim Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, it was built during the first half of the 17 th Century by over 20,000 workers. Its beauty has inspired countless artists, and its fame has attracted millions of visitors over the years. Still today, the Taj Mahal is considered to be the world�s finest example of Mughal architecture.
The Agra Fort is often overshadowed by its famous neighbor, the Taj Mahal. However, as a World Heritage Site, the Agra fort is quite spectacular and worth visiting. Constructed in the 12 th Century, the fort is seeped in history, but even after having survived wars and political turmoil, the fort remains in good condition.
The Chini Ka Rouza is a monument that is often overlooked by tourists. It is an ancient tomb that was built in 1635, where laid to rest was Allama Afzal Khan Mullah of Shiraz , who was the Prime Minister of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
For information about many more cultural attractions around the city, visit this Agra Attractions link.
Inside Agra: Dining Overview

For people preferring international ranges, the star hotels in Agra offer an amazing cuisine of thai, italian and other foods. For Pizza and burger lovers, the Pizza Huts and Mc Donalds have opened their outlets in and around Tajganj and Sadar Bazar. Good restaurants are limited to a few areas as eating out is not one of the favourite activities of locals. Apart from the Tajganj area (where the array of hotels like Mughal Sheraton, Jaypee Palace, Trident, Amar Vilas, Taj View etc are present), places like Sadar Bazar and Sanjay Place offer good restaurants to cater to your appetite. Knowing the average spice levels in the local food, you could save yourself by requesting for "low spices" or eating at star hotels where the buffet is prepared with international taste bud sensitivities in mind.
Agra offers excellent food for people who love spicy food and who don't have a problem with experimenting. The "chaat" (a local spicy array of food using garnishings like tomatoes,potatoes, wheat flour dough, dry fruits, spices, etc) is something you should not miss. Apart from the major markets like the Sadar Bazar, Raja Mandi, Sanjay Place, etc , there are a few places in downtown where these are specialties. You can try going to Kinaari Bazar for roadside eating, something that's cooked in pure ghee and is lip-smacking. Remember, as a ground rule, never eat at a place which you think is not frequented by a lot of people. This will save you from consuming stale food. For local "chaat" delicacies , try the "Bhagat Halwai" outlets in and around the Mahatma Gandhi Road and the road side outlets in Sadar Bazaar.
"Petha", the sweet with roots in Agra is made from pumpkin and has been relished for ages. You can find a lot of stores selling Petha all across but the recommended showrooms are "Panchhi Petha Bhandaar" and "Bhimsen" who have numerous outlets across the city.
If you happen to be in Agra around the Deepawali (one of the biggest Indian festivals), you could treat yourself to an array of tens of hundreds of varieties of sweets and milk based delicacies. Check out "Savon Sweets" , "Haldirams", "Brijwasi" and "Bhagat Halwai" stores for catering to your sweet tooth.
Overall, for people willing to experiment, you would never forget Agra for the food.

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